1.6 skimming

What  is  skimming?

Skimming is a process of speed reading that involves visually searching the sentences of a page for clues to meaning. For some people, this comes naturally, and usually can not be acquired by practice. Skimming is usually seen more in adults than in children. It is conducted at a higher rate (700 words per minute and above) than normal reading for comprehension (around 200-230 wpm), and results in lower comprehension rates, especially with information-rich reading material.

Skimming is used to quickly identify the main ideas of a text. When you read the newspaper, you're probably not reading it word-by-word, instead you're scanning the text. Skimming is done at a speed three to four times faster than normal reading. People often skim when they have lots of material to read in a limited amount of time. Use skimming when you want to see if an article may be of interest in your research.

 

SKIMMING  STRATEGY 

There are many strategies that can be used when skimming. Some people read the first and last paragraphs using headings, summarizes and other organizers as they move down the page or screen. You might read the title, subtitles, subheading, and illustrations. Consider reading the first sentence of each paragraph. This technique is useful when you're seeking specific information rather than reading for comprehension. Skimming works well to find dates, names, and places. It might be used to review graphs, tables, and charts.

Part A.Underline the sentence with the main idea in each paragraphy
1.The sky could not fall down because there is nothing where we call 'sky'.Long ago,people thought the sun,moon and stars were at the top of the sky.They thought we lived inside a bowl that was turned upside down.
2.When you look at a rainbow, have you ever wondered if other people see the other side of rainbow at the same time ? You can see both sides of a bridge,because there are two sides. You only have to walk to see the other side of a bridge,but a rainbow has only only one side.
3.It is impossible to sleep with our eyes open. To keep them open needs effort,although the brain does this for you without having to think when you are awake.When you become sleepy,you relax and your eyelids drop because of their own weight.
4.Most male birds have brighter feathers than female birds .Male birds better voices than female birds.All these come about because each male bird,when looking for a wife, likes to show off his coloured feathers . He also likes to attract the female bird by calling and singing to her.

Part B. (answer)
Q.1= b.Nerves are good carrier of messages
Q.2=a.Our vocal chords are amazing in what they can do (In My Opinion)

Part C
              Our Galaxy

1.Detail: A galaxy is grouping of stars
2.Detail: There are many other galaxies in outer
3.Detail: It is a  spiral-shaped galaxy.
4.Detail: The Milky Way looks like a milky white stripe in the sky.
5.Detail: One of the stars in the Milky Way is the sun 
6.Detail: Scientists believe there are about 200 billion stars in it

Main idea :  The Milky Way is our galaxy.

Answer page 40 Exercise : Nose Matters : Skimming

Answer

Page 40 : Nose Matters

Find the statement that is the main idea of the passage. Write M I next to it. Then find the details of the passage. Write D next to each detail. Be careful! There are two sentences that do not belong to this passage.

Nose Matters

1.     Elephant use their trunks to greet each other.    = D

2.    Elephants use their trunks to give themselves a shower. = D

3.    Some people like to ride on elephants. = __

4.    Elephants can carry heavy things with their trunks. = D

5.    Mother elephants calm their babies by stroking them with their trunks. =D

6.    Elephants use their trunks to eat and drink. = D

7.    Elephants use their noses for smelling and breathing. = M I

8.    Elephants have very useful noses. = D

9.    Giraffes are the tallest animals in the world. = __

Exercise Online : http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/570/pulp/hemp1.htm

Using Context Clues ; Exercise A

Exercise A : Read the sentences. Use the context clues to figure out the meaning of each underline word. Then write the meaning of each word.

1.       The boy’s mumbled words were inaudible, impossible to hear.

Inaudible [adj.] หูหนวก / ไม่ได้ยิน

2.       Casabianca is the story of obedient son, Who listened to his father’s instructions.

Obedient [adj.] เชื่อฟัง / ที่เชื่อฟัง

3.       Sweet peas are legume, plants in bean family.

Legume [n.] พืชตระกูลถั่ว

4.       In the green house, we saw a tulip, a spring-blooming flower of western Asia.

Tulip [n.] ดอกไม้ชนิดหนึ่งที่บานในฤดูใบไม้ผลิในภูมิภาคเอเชียตะวันตก

5.       Whales have blubber, a fat of sea animal.

Blubber [n.] ไขมันของสัตว์ทะเล

6.       The golfer took several strokes, or swings the club, to hit the ball.

Stroke [n.] วงสวิง

7.       Bird of prey have strong talons, or claws.

Talon [n.] กรงเล็บ

8.       Rayon is a synthetic, or man-made fabric.

Synthetic [n.] ผ้าใยสังเคราะห์

9.       Climbing Everest is an arduous task and is extremely tough a conclusions.

Arduous [adj.] ยากลำบาก

10.   You need a good wisdom or sound judgement  to arrive at a conclusion.

Wisdom [n.] คำพิพากษา

11.   The crystal curio was fragile and easily breakable

Fragile [adj.] แตกหักได้ง่าย

12.   Do you plan to forbid or stop the children from going ?

Forbid [v.] ห้ามปราม

13.   His suit was immaculate this morning and still so clean now.

Immaculate [adj.] สะอาด

14.   Pumas, the mountain lions, are good hunters.

Pumas [n.] สิงโตชนิดหนึ่งที่อาศัยอยู่บนภูเขา

15.   There were a lot of amusements at the carnival, but I was not interested in fun.

Amusement [n.] ความสนุก

16.   During the Ice Age, some animals adapted, or got used to cold.

Adapt [v.] ปรับตัว

17.   My uncle lives like a recluse, never seeing other people.

Recluse [n.] สันโดษ

18.   We can store water for irrigation in a reservoir, a man-made lake.

Reservior [n.] อ่างเก็บน้ำ

19.   He crumpled, or crushed, the paper.

Crumpled [v.] ขยำ

20.   Wading through the flood was ordeal, very hard experience.

Ordeal [n.] ประสบการณ์ที่โหดร้าย


Exercise Online :
http://wps.ablongman.com/long_licklider_vocabulary_2/0,6658,416421-,00.html
http://www.quia.com/quiz/1449361.html?AP_rand=35702108
http://betterlesson.com/document/83084/context-clues-quiz

Using Context Clues

1.3 Using  Context  Clues

*The farmer used a reaper, a big machine that cuts grain*

You may not know what a reaper is. But you know the meaning after you read the whole sentence. The sentences includes a group of words that defines reaper. It tells you that a reaper is a big machine that cuts grain. These are context clues.



1.5 Predicting Outcomes

Page34 1.5 Predicting Outcomes

Part A. Read the passages and predict the outcome
       1.Bill and John both run the 100 m dash. Bill has won the race for the last three years. But he didn't train            as hard this year as he had fallen ill. This time John practised regularly every day. On the day of the macth,   Bill and John line up to start.
 what do you predict will happen next?
 a.Bill win the race.
 b.John will win the race .
 c.John will drop out of the race.
Answer : b.John will win the race  
       2.Mort looked of out the window.He saw dark clouds gatherig in the sky. Soon the clouds covered the sun and the wind began to blow. Just then Mort remembered that his mum had asked him to bring in the dried laundry from the garden
 what do you predict will happen next?
a.Mort will play a video game with a friend.
b.Mort will go out to the garden to fetch the laundry
c.Mort will go to the room to relax
Answer : b.Mort will go out to the garden to fetch the laundry
       3.Brent is Alaskan sled dog. He has a coat of heavy fur that helps keep him warm. He likes to stand by the fireplace when he gets cold. Breat was out in the snow all day long and got very cold.
 what do you predict will happen next?
a. Brent will pull a sled thourgh the snow
b. Breat will sleep in the snow
c. Breat will stand by the fire
Answer : c. Breat will stand by the fire


Part B. Make your own predictions.
       1. Dan wanted to buy some candy at the store but he forgot his money at home .
           What do you think will happen next?
Answer : Dan can't buy candy,He will go back home to get some money.
       2. Sunee was climbing up a tree when she heard a "snap!" What do you think will happen next?
           What do you think will happen next?
Answer : Sunee fall down from the tree.
       3. Aroon had been waiting all week to go to the beach. He was all ready to go when his mother said,"We have guests at home." 

            What do you think will happen next?
Answer : He can't go to the beach.
       4.Fred was all alone at home and it was dark outside. The only thing he could hear was a small scratching sound in the window.
            What do you think will happen next?
Answer : He tell police.

Part C. Read the passages and predict the outcome.
       1. Rita was taking a four-week trip to Hawaii. She had asked a neighbour to water her plants while she was away. As Rita boarded the flight , she realised she had brought the house keys with her. She had forgotten to give her keys to her neighbour.
          What do you think the outcome will be?
a.Rita's plants are healthy when she returns.
b.Rita decides to drive home instead of fly.
c.Rita's plants wilt away from lack of water.
d.Rita cannot get into her house when she returns.
Answer : c.Rita's plants wilt away from lack of water.
       2. The mush awaited film's opening show was at nine. The cast included the icons of Hollywood. Ticket sale started at seven. Henry got to the ticket office at nine.
          What do you think the outcome will be? 
a.Henry gets the best seats in the theatre.
b.Henry's gets tickets for himself and his friends as well.
c.Henry does not get tickets to the film.
d.The show gets cancelled.
Answer :c.Henry does not get tickets to the film.
       3. Terry was training her dog to roll over. She knew that it liked dog treats. First Terry made the dog roll over when he said, "Roll over". Then she gave it a treat. Terry did this several times each day.
          What do you think the outcome will be?
a.The dog sits up when he sees a dog treat
b.Her dog learns to roll over. 
c.Terry finds our that you can't teach her dog tricks.
d.The dog barks when it wants to go outside. 
Answer :b.Her dog learns to roll over.

Exercise Online :
http://www.shsu.edu/~txcae/Powerpoints/prepostest/predict1pretest.html
http://www.shsu.edu/~txcae/Powerpoints/prepostest/predict1postest.html

Page 31 1.4 Drawing Conclustions

1.4 Drawing  Conclustions

C.  Read  each  passage.  Then  read  the  conclusion  drawn  from  the  facts.  Decide  whether  the  conclusion   is  a  good  based  on  facts.  If  it  is ,  write  Good  Conclusion  on  the  line.  If  it  is  not ,  write  a  conclusion  that  is  reasonable.

1.  The  Venus  flytrap  is  a  plant  that  eats  insects ;  it  is  hence  a  carnivorous   

      plant.  Its  main  diet  is  flies ,  caterpillars  and  spiders  but  it  must  be  said   

      that  the  plant  will  eat  any  small  insect  that  is  unlucky  enough  to  get

      trapped  that  the  plant  can  use  for  nutrition.

      Conclusion :  Venus  flytrap  eats  only  flies ,  caterpillars  and  spiders.

A  conclusion  that  is  reasonable.

2.  There  are  numerous  kinds  of  seashells.  They  are  found  all  over  the  world.

     Some  are  as  small  as  peas.  The  giant  clam  shell ,  though ,  is  very  big.  It

     can  be  up  to  three  feet  wide.  Over  the  year,  shells  have  been  used  in

     many  different  ways.  They  have  been  used  as  tools,  money,  spoons  and

     dishes.

     Conclusion :  Shells  come  in  all  shapes  and  sizes.

A  conclusion  that  is  reasonable.

3.  The  kiwi  is  a  flightless  bird  found  only  in  New  Zealand.  There  are  three

     main  types  of  kiwi :  brown ,  great  spotted  and  little  spotted .  All  kiwi

     species  have  declined  since  European  settlement  of  New  Zealand  and  the

     little  spotted  kiwi  is  most  at  risk .  It  survives  only  on  one  small  island

     reservation,  which  was  stocked  with  birds  from  the  mainland.

     Conclusion :  The  little  spotted  kiwi  faces  extinction  and  is  hence  protected.

Good  conclusion.

4.  Origami  is  the  art  of  paper  folding.  It  is  an  old  Japanese  skill.  People  can 

      make  birds,  flowers  and  many  other  shapes  from  folded  paper.  From  Japan,

      origami  has  spread  to  the  West.  All  around  the  globe,  paper  folding  is

      thought  of  as  a  skill,  an  art  or  just  plain  fun.

      Conclusion :  It  is  very  difficult  to  learn  origami.

A  conclusion  that  is  reasonable.

5.  As  with  all  ancient  civilisations,  the  exact  origins  of  the  Incan  civilisation

     are  unknown.  Their  historic  record,  like  that  of  all  other  tribes  evolving  on

     the  planet  at  that  time,  would  be  recorded  through  oral  tradition,  stone,  

     pottery,  gold  and  silver  jewellery,  and  woven  in  the  tapestry  of  the  people.

     Conclusion :  Their  jewellery  is  one  of  the  records  historians  had  to  rely  on

     for  most  of  the  ancient  civilizations.

A  conclusion  that  is  reasonable.

Exercise Online :

http://www.shsu.edu/~txcae/Powerpoints/prepostest/drawconclusionspretest.html   
http://www.shsu.edu/~txcae/Powerpoints/prepostest/drawconclusionspostest.html

Exercise Page33

Exercise Page 33

Read that two passages. Then write an answer to each question.

1.) Butterflies drink from a built-in straw. A butterfly has no mouth. It can’t chew. So it eats with a long thin tube. Though the tube, the butterfly can suck up sweet nectar.

What can you conclude about the kinds of food a butterfly eats?

-          A butterfly eats a honey from flowers.

2.) A greenhouse is not green. It is clear. That is because it is made from glass. The glass lets in the sun’s heat that you help plants grow. The green plants are the reason for the name. There grow all year round in the warm, sunny room.

What can you conclude about   what plants need to glows?

-          A global warming

Exercise page18

Understanding cause and Effect

1.  Cause: A storm hit the city.

      Effect: All the residents fled.

      Sentence: A storm hit the city , so all the resident fled

2.  Cause: I plant some trees.

     Effect: The world decrease the temperature

     Sentence: Because I planted some trees, the world decrease the temperature.

3.  Cause: My sister stayed up past midnight.

      Effect: She get up late in the morning.

     Sentence: My sister stayed up past midnight so, she get up late in the morning.

4.  Cause: Lena missed school on Monday

      Effect: She doesn’t understand the lesson.

      Sentence: Lena missed school on Monday so, She doesn’t understand the lesson.

5.  Cause : David signed up for French classes.

     Effect : He learn French classes.

     Sentence: David learn French because he signed up for French classes.

Exercise Online :
http://www.shsu.edu/~txcae/Powerpoints/prepostest/causeffectpretest.html