Pronouns

*Pronouns are words that are used in place of nouns. They stand for three persons-the first person, the second person and the third person. They can be used in the subject position or object position.

Subject Pronouns
First person singular (the person speaking)	I	First person plural (the persons speaking)	we
Second person singular (the persons spoken to)	you	Second person plural (the persons spoken to)	you
Third person singular (the person or thing spoken about)	he, she, it	Third person singular (the persons or things spoken about)	they

Object Pronouns
First person singular (the person speaking)	me	First person plural (the persons speaking)	we
Second person singular (the persons spoken to)	you	Second person plural (the persons spoken to)	you
Third person singular (the person or thing spoken about)	him, her, it	Third person plural (the persons or things spoken about)	them

*Possessive pronouns are used to show that something belongs to someone.

Possessive Pronouns
First person	mine, ours
Second person	yours
Third person	His, hers, theirs

1.   Complete the sentences using the right pronoun in the brackets.

1.   The Nile is a river in Africa. It (She, It) is the longest river in the world.

2.   I hurt myself (oneself, myself) while playing tennis yesterday.

3.   Lewis Carroll was a writer. She (He, She) wrote Alice in Wonderland.

4.   The Eiffel Tower is in Paris. It (He, It) is the tallest building in Paris.

5.   At George’s birthday party, his (his, their) friends gifted him (him, them) a book.

6.   Lynn is a shy girl. She (She, It) never talks about herself (herself, oneself).

7.   Is this pen yours (yours, your)?

No, that is not mine (myself, mine).

8.   When ill, you (you, they) must take good care of yourself (themselves, yourself).

9.   Fred and Nick have had a quarrel. But they (he, they) must sort it out between them (them, themselves)

10. The tourists asked the policeman where they (they, he) could find a good restaurant.

11. The Merino sheep is famous for its (their, its) soft wool.

12. Harry asked Sam if he (he, they) could help him (him, them).

13. Gina found her (her, herself) very tired at the end of the day.

14. Walt Disney was a filmmaker he (he, who) created Mickey Mouse.

2.5 Pronouns

Kind of pronouns

*Demonstrative Pronouns are used to point out something or someone. In English, demonstrative pronouns are this, that, these, those.

·   This is my teacher.

·   That is my classroom.

*Distributive pronouns are used to refer to things one at a time rather than collectively. They are each, either and neither. Since they refer to a single person or thing at a time, distributive pronouns are always singular and are followed by singular verbs.

·   Each child was given a present.

·   Either answer is correct.

·   Neither team could win.

Note-before a noun with a determiner (the, my, this) we use each of. This is followed by a plural noun and a singular verb.

Each of the girls was given a present.

When speaking about more than two persons or things the distributive pronouns any, no one or none should be used.

·   I don’t like any of these three designs.

·   No one offered to accompany her to the hospital.

·   None but the brave deserve the fair.

*A relative pronoun is a pronoun that refers to something within a larger sentence. It is called a relative pronoun because it relates to the word that it modifies and is not specific. In English, relative pronouns are : who, whom, which, that, where, when why.

·   The shirt that I am wearing today belongs to my brother.

·   I have a friend who knows five languages.

·   I have on Fir Street which is two from here.

Relative pronouns are used to join two or more sentences.

-     The cheetah is the fastest mammal. It is my favourite animal.

-     The cheetah, which is the fastest mammal, is my favorite animal.
Answer Page 83-88

 A. Complete the sentences using demonstrative pronouns.

1.   This dish isn’t very goods but that one tastes very nice! (this, that)

2.   Look at those necklaces on that shelf. Aren’t they lovely? (that, those)

3.   Do you like these fruits? I bought them just for you. (these, that)

4.   What is the answer to these questions? (this, these) (this, these)

5.   This cake looks delicious! Where did you buy it from? (those, this)

6.   I like that shirt you are wearing. (these, that)

B. Complete the sentences using distributive pronouns.

1.   Either Joseph or Peter can show you the way. (Neither, Ether)

2.   Neither answer is correct. (Neither, None)

3.   Each of you must sing s song. (Each, No one)

4.   None of the solutions is right. Do the sum again. (Each, None)

5.   Several people were invited but none attended.

6.   No one of them can complete the work today. (Neither, No one)

  

C. Complete the sentences using relative pronouns.

1.   I would like to live in a town that is clean and noise-free. (that, who)

2.   I am reading a book whoich I borrowed from the library. (which, whose)

3.   The flowers which are growing in your garden are very pretty. (whom, which)

4.   Who is the man that spoke to you just now? (which, that)

      5.   I have a friend who can perform magic tricks. (whom, who)

6.   Do you remember the name of the actress who won an Oscar this year? (who, who)

7.   This is the girl who had an accident. (whose, who)

8.   Last week I saw a building which was really hot! (who, which)

9.   She likes curries that are really hot! (that, who)

10. The book which you gave me is very interesting! (which, whom)

  D. Combine the sentences using relative pronouns.

1.   Joan is lazy girl. She likes to sleep all the time.

Joan is lazy girl who likes to sleep all the time.

2.   My cousin lives in Singapore. It is thousand of miles away.

My cousin lives in Singapore where is thousand of miles away.

3.   The black car looks great. The car is behind us.

The black car which is behind us looks great.

4.   The bird is flying over the trees. It must be an eagle.

The bird  which is flying over the trees must be an eagle.

5.   My father is in the army. He will come home for the holidays.

My father who is in the army will come home for the holidays.

6.   This is the book. I was telling you about it.

This is the book which is I was telling you about it.

Antecedents

*Antecedent is a word to which a pronoun refers.

Trees purify the atmosphere around them.

In this sentence, them refers to trees at the beginning of the sentence.

*The antecedent and the noun I a sentence must agree in gender and number.

·  Joke rides his bicycle to school.
·  The dog wagged its tail.
·  The students walked out of their classroom.

*If the antecedent is on indefinite pronoun (someone, anybody) then a masculine pronoun is used.

Every must follow his dreams. 

A. Underline the pronoun and circle its antecedent in each sentence.

1.   Sally was struggling with her homework.

2.   Sally asked her brother Mark to help her.

3.   Mark said he was busy.

4.   Mark agreed to help Sally after he completed his work.

5.   Sally could not complete her homework before dinner.

B. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct antecedent from the brackets.

1.   Jane doesn’t drive her (her, their) car to work often.

2.   Every student must submit his (their, his) essay tomorrow.

3.   Each person reaps the fruit of his (his, her) labour.

4.   The leaves look like they (it, they) have been burnt.

       5.   The tourists can leave their (his, their) bags in the cloakroom

Exercise Online : http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/pronomen.htm
                              http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=4017